A system call is a function used by the user program to request the operating system's services. System call creates an interface that helps user programmers to communicate with the operating system to request its services. System calls are always executed in the kernel mode of the operating system. In this context, we will be discussing the system call, and how to invoke … [Read more...] about System Call in Operating System
Operating System Structure
The operating system structure illustrates the organization of modules inside it. The structure of the operating system varies from system to system. Engineers design it more carefully. So that the operating system functions properly and adopts the modification easily. We will be discussing different structures of the operating systems. We will learn how are modules … [Read more...] about Operating System Structure
Specification of Tokens
Specification of tokens depends on the pattern of the lexeme. Here we will be using regular expressions to specify the different types of patterns that can actually form tokens. Although the regular expressions are inefficient in specifying all the patterns forming tokens. Yet it reveals almost all types of pattern that forms a token. Content: Specification of Tokens … [Read more...] about Specification of Tokens
Intermediate Code Generation
Intermediate code generation is a phase in the compiler. In our earlier content ‘Compiler in Computer’, we have discussed Intermediate code generation. It gets its input from the semantic analysis phase and serves its output to the code optimizer phase. The intermediate code generator generates some intermediate representation. And from this intermediate … [Read more...] about Intermediate Code Generation
Bottom-Up Parsing in Compiler Design
Bottom-Up parsing is applied in the syntax analysis phase of the compiler. Bottom-up parsing parses the stream of tokens from the lexical analyzer. And after parsing the input string it generates a parse tree. The bottom-up parser builds a parse tree from the leaf nodes and proceeds towards the root node of the tree. In this section, we will be discussing bottom-up parsing … [Read more...] about Bottom-Up Parsing in Compiler Design
Top-Down Parsing in Compiler Design
Top-down parsing processes the input string provided by a lexical analyzer. And generate a parse tree for that input string using leftmost derivation. The top-down parsing first creates the root node of the parse tree. And it continues creating its leaf nodes. Remember the top-down parsing cannot handle the grammar with left recursion and ambiguity. In this section, we … [Read more...] about Top-Down Parsing in Compiler Design
Context-free Grammar
Context-free grammar (CFG) is a set of production rules that generates context-free language. In this context, we will be learning about the ambiguity in the CFG, its simplification, and its applications. Content: Context-free Grammar What is Context-free Grammar? Notational Conventions of CFG Ambiguity in Context-free Grammar Simplification of Context-free … [Read more...] about Context-free Grammar
Syntax Directed Translation (SDT)
In syntax-directed translation, the translation of source language to destination language is completely directed by the parser or the syntax analysis phase. The syntax-directed translation produces an annotated parse tree. Let us learn more about syntax-directed translation. Content: Syntax Directed Translation (SDT) What Syntax Directed Translation? Syntax Directed … [Read more...] about Syntax Directed Translation (SDT)
Syntax Analysis in Compiler
The syntax analysis phase is the second phase of a compiler. It takes input from the lexical analyzer. And provides an output that serves as input to the semantic analyzer. Syntax analysis is also referred to as syntax analyzer or parser. It reads the string of tokens from the lexical analyzer. And confirm that it can be generated from the grammar used for the source … [Read more...] about Syntax Analysis in Compiler
Finite Automata in Compiler Design
Finite automata (FA) can be defined as a recognizer that identifies whether the input string represents the regular language. The finite automata accept the input string if the input string is a regular expression representing the regular language else it rejects it. In this section, we will discuss the finite automata, their types, how can we convert them into regular … [Read more...] about Finite Automata in Compiler Design