Internet standard is a working document or a proposed specification that gains the status of the standard after proper validation and is applicable to the worldwide Internet. This Internet standard is formed under the supervision of the Internet Society (ISOC) which is responsible for the creation and implementation of Internet standards. In this section, we will discuss the … [Read more...] about Internet Standard
Switched WANs
Switched WAN network is a network that has several end nodes. There are two kinds of WAN networks point-to-point WAN network which connects two end nodes using a dedicated communication line and the other is switched WAN network that is a mesh of a point-to-point network that provides access to several end nodes. In our previous content i.e., point-to-point WAN network we … [Read more...] about Switched WANs
Point-to-Point WAN
The point-to-point WAN is a kind of network that establishes a connection between two remote devices using a leased line that is meant for public networks such as telephone lines. In this section, we will discuss the technologies that are used to create a point-to-point WAN network. Point-to-Point WAN Technologies Traditional Modem DSL Technology Cable Modem T … [Read more...] about Point-to-Point WAN
Wireless Local Area Network
A wireless local area network is a local area network where the computers are interconnected to each other using the high-frequency radio wave instead of wires and cables. The wireless local area network provides mobility to the end nodes. In this section, we will discuss wireless local area networks in brief, along with this we will also study the techniques which can be … [Read more...] about Wireless Local Area Network
Number System in Computer
The number system we use in computers is a positional number system. The positional number represents a number as a series of digits where the value of each digit depends on its position in the number. The positional number is referred to as a weighted number system as each digit is related to a certain weight. In this section, we will study only those number systems under … [Read more...] about Number System in Computer
Universal Serial Bus (USB)
The universal serial bus (USB) is a standard interface for connecting a wide range of devices to the computer such as keyboard, mouse, smartphones, speakers, cameras etc. The USB was introduced for commercial use in the year 1995 at that time it has a data transfer speed of 12 megabits/s. With some improvement, a modified USB 2 was introduced which is also called a highspeed … [Read more...] about Universal Serial Bus (USB)
Interface Circuit
The I/O interface circuit is a mediator between the I/O device and the system to which this I/O has to be connected. In our earlier content bus structure, we had discussed a little about the I/O interface where we have seen that one end of the I/O interface is connected to the system bus and the other is connected to the input device. In this context, we will discuss the I/O … [Read more...] about Interface Circuit
Interrupt Driven I/O
Interrupt driven I/O is an approach to transfer data between 'memory' and 'I/O devices' through the 'processor'. The other two techniques for the same are programmed I/O and direct memory access (DMA). The interrupt-driven I/O involves the use of interrupt to exchange data between I/O and memory. In our previous content, programmed I/O we have seen it is a processor who … [Read more...] about Interrupt Driven I/O
Programmed I/O
Programmed I/O is one of the three techniques we use for I/O transfer. The other two methods for the same are interrupted I/O and (direct memory access) DMA. Programmed I/O is a technique or approach that we use to transfer data between the processor and the I/O module. If we talk of programmed I/O and interrupted I/O, it is the responsibility of the processor to control the … [Read more...] about Programmed I/O
Internal Memory in Computer Architecture
Internal memory in the computer is the memory that is directly accessible by the processor without accessing the input-output channel of the computer. The internal memory is accessed by the processor over the system bus. In the section ahead we will discuss types of internal memories in computers and we will also look at the technique of error correction for internal memory … [Read more...] about Internal Memory in Computer Architecture